Integrated Anaerobic–Aerobic Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor and Biochar Adsorption for the Efficient Removal of Organic Matter and Nutrients from Brazilian Landfill Leachate

Landfill leachate is a complex and highly polluted wastewater that poses significant environmental challenges worldwide. This study proposes an innovative approach to addressing this challenge by developing integrated anaerobic–aerobic moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) biochar adsorption method for the efficient removal of organic matter nutrients from landfill leachate. The MBBR provides suitable environment growth microorganisms can degrade nutrients, while removes any remaining pollutants are not biodegradable. performance system was evaluated under different operating conditions, such as hydraulic retention time loading rate, optimize its efficiency sustainability. results showed achieved high efficiencies chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium–nitrogen (NH4-N), total phosphorus (TP), with maximum rates 98.5% (77% after 85.4% adsorption), 91.2% (87% 95.9% 99.9% (92% 91.7% respectively. proposed offers promising solution treatment leachate, which critical issue also highlights importance more effective sustainable methods treating have impacts on public health environment.